Influence of Advanced Endodontic Irrigation Dynamics on Coronal Dentin Energy States and Their Impact on Prosthodontic Adhesion Longevity

Abstract

Advancements in endodontic irrigation technologies have significantly altered the physicochemical characteristics of coronal dentin, with emerging evidence suggesting a critical influence on prosthodontic adhesion longevity. This study explores the impact of advanced endodontic irrigation dynamics—including sonic, ultrasonic, laser-activated, and negative-pressure systems—on coronal dentin surface energy states and their subsequent effects on adhesive performance. Variations in irrigant activation, fluid shear forces, and cavitation phenomena modify dentin wettability, surface free energy, and chemical composition, thereby influencing resin infiltration and hybrid layer formation. Altered dentin energy states may enhance immediate bond strength; however, they can also predispose adhesive interfaces to hydrolytic and enzymatic degradation over time. Understanding the interplay between irrigation-induced surface modifications and prosthodontic adhesive systems is essential for optimizing long-term restorative outcomes. This abstract highlights current insights (2025 perspective) into irrigation–adhesion interactions and underscores the need for clinically integrated protocols that balance effective canal disinfection with durable coronal adhesion.